Important event During Gandhi Era

Swaraj Party(1923): Gandhi’s decision to call off the agitation caused frustration amoang masses. His decision came in for server criticism form his colleagues like Motilal Nehru, C.R.  Das and N.C Kelkar, who organized the Swaraj Party. The foundations of the Swaraj Party were laid on Jan. 1, 1923, as the Congress Khilafat Swaraj  Party. It proposed then and alternative programme of diverting the movement form widespread civil disobedience programme to restrictive one which would encourage its member to enter into legislative councils (established under Mont-ford Reforms of 1919) by contesting elections in order ot wreck the legislature form within and to use moral pressure to compel the authority to concede to the popular demand for self-government. In the election held in 1923 the Swaraj Party captured 45 of the 145 seats. In provincial elections they secured few seats but in the Central Province they secured a clear majority. In Bengal, the Swaraj Party was the largest party. They followed the policy of undiluted opposition. The Swaraj is its demanded the release all the political prisoners, provincial autonomy, repealing of the repressive laws imposed by the government. However, after the death of C.R. Das in 1925 they drifted towards a policy of cooperation with the government. This led to dissension and the party broke up in 1926.

Simon Commission(1927)

The activities of the Swaraj Party had induced the British government to review the working of the diarchy system introduced by the Montague- Chelmsford Reforms of 1919 and to report as to what extent a representative government could be introduced in India. The British government appointed the Simon Commission in Nov. 1927 for the task. All members of this commission were Europeans (Whites) Indian political leaders felt insulted and decided by boycott the commission. Wherever the commission went there were cries of Simon go Back. It was while leading a demonstration against the Simon Commission in Lahore that fatal lathi-blow was death to Lala Lajpat Raj. It was his death Bhagat Singh and his comrades were seeking to avenger when they killed a white police officials Saunders in Dec 1928.

Nehru Committee Report(1928)

The Committee was set up under the chairmanship of Motilal Nehru to determinej the principles of the constitution before actually drafting it. The chief architects of the report were Motilal Nehru and Tej Bahadur Sapru. The recommendation evoked a lively debate concerning the goal of India-Dominion Status or complete independence.

Points of Jinnnah (March 9,1929)

Jinnah, the leader of Muslim League, did accept the Nehru Report. Jinnah thereafter drew up a list of demands, which was called 14 points of Jinnah.

Lahore Session(Dec, 1929)

At its annual Session held in Lahore in Dec. 1929, under the president ship of Jawarharlal Nehru the Indians National congress passed a resolution declaring Poorna Swaraj to be the goal of the national movement.

On Dec. 31, 1929 the newly adopted tricolor flag was unfurled and Jan . 26 were fixed as the Independence Day which was to be celebrated every Year, pleading to the people not submit to British’s rule any longer.